Phalaris arundinacea

A robust grass of wet areas. Considered a circumboreal native, but with different genotypes (North American likely a mix of native, European, and agricultural cultivars per Flora North America - link to right). According to the NY Flora Atlas (link to right) there probably was a native genotype of this species, but it is either gone or nearly gone. The populations that are common in NY State are the non-native genotype. It can form large, dense populations that exclude native flora.